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Non-Oil GDP Share: 55% 2025 real GDP |Saudi Unemployment: 7.2% Q4 2025 |PIF AUM: $925B 2025 approx. |FDI Share of GDP: 2.8% 2025 latest |Female Participation: 35.0% 2025 latest |Credit Rating: Aa3/A+/A+ Moody's/Fitch/S&P |GDP Growth: 4.5% 2025 actual |Umrah Pilgrims: 18M+ 2025 foreign |Non-Oil GDP Share: 55% 2025 real GDP |Saudi Unemployment: 7.2% Q4 2025 |PIF AUM: $925B 2025 approx. |FDI Share of GDP: 2.8% 2025 latest |Female Participation: 35.0% 2025 latest |Credit Rating: Aa3/A+/A+ Moody's/Fitch/S&P |GDP Growth: 4.5% 2025 actual |Umrah Pilgrims: 18M+ 2025 foreign |

Urban-Development

The Riyadh Mandate: How Saudi Arabia Forced 500 Multinationals to Move Their Headquarters

Saudi Arabia told the world's largest companies: move your regional headquarters to Riyadh or lose government contracts. Over 500 multinationals complied. The mandate is reshaping Gulf power dynamics and turning Riyadh into a global business capital.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

New Murabba

A 19-square-kilometre mixed-use megaproject in northwestern Riyadh developed by PIF, anchored by The Mukaab landmark cube structure. Updated for 2026.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

The Mukaab: Inside Saudi Arabia's $50 Billion Cube and Why It Was Suspended

The definitive analysis of The Mukaab — the 400-metre cube at the centre of Saudi Arabia's New Murabba megaproject. Why construction was suspended, what it signals for Vision 2030, and what comes next for the world's most ambitious building.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Cities and Urban Development

Analysis of Saudi Arabia's urban transformation agenda under Vision 2030, targeting three cities in the global top 100 liveability rankings through landmark infrastructure projects including the Riyadh Metro, King Salman Park, and comprehensive municipal modernisation programmes.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Gap Alert: Saudi Cities in Global Top 100

Assessing Saudi Arabia's goal to place three cities in global top 100 rankings by 2030, evaluating Riyadh and Jeddah.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Jeddah Tower: The World's First Kilometre-High Skyscraper

An institutional analysis of Jeddah Tower, the supertall skyscraper under construction in Jeddah Economic City designed to exceed one kilometre in height, examining its engineering ambitions, construction timeline, and role within Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 urban development strategy.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Priority Scorecard: Cities and Urban Environment

Scorecard tracking Saudi Vision 2030 urban development including smart city initiatives, NEOM, and environmental quality.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Smart City Technology Investment

Guide to smart city technology investment in Saudi Arabia covering IoT, digital twins, smart mobility, and NEOM under Vision 2030.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Three Saudi Cities in Global Top 100 — Progress Tracker

Track Saudi Arabia's ambition to place three cities among the world's top 100 liveable cities by 2030, with Riyadh leading progress.

Updated Apr 18, 2026