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Non-Oil GDP Share: 55% 2025 real GDP |Saudi Unemployment: 7.2% Q4 2025 |PIF AUM: $925B 2025 approx. |FDI Share of GDP: 2.8% 2025 latest |Female Participation: 35.0% 2025 latest |Credit Rating: Aa3/A+/A+ Moody's/Fitch/S&P |GDP Growth: 4.5% 2025 actual |Umrah Pilgrims: 18M+ 2025 foreign |Non-Oil GDP Share: 55% 2025 real GDP |Saudi Unemployment: 7.2% Q4 2025 |PIF AUM: $925B 2025 approx. |FDI Share of GDP: 2.8% 2025 latest |Female Participation: 35.0% 2025 latest |Credit Rating: Aa3/A+/A+ Moody's/Fitch/S&P |GDP Growth: 4.5% 2025 actual |Umrah Pilgrims: 18M+ 2025 foreign |

Social-Contract

The Qiddiya Backlash: Saudisation Meets the Expat Execution Class

Saudi authorities summoned 49 people after social media complaints about foreign managers and unemployment went viral. The Qiddiya backlash exposes the most sensitive labour-market contradiction inside Vision 2030: delivery still depends on expatriate expertise while legitimacy depends on Saudi employment.

Updated May 17, 2026

The Evolving Saudi Social Contract

How Vision 2030 transforms the Saudi social contract — from oil-funded welfare to a new bargain centred on opportunity and national pride.

Updated Apr 18, 2026