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Non-Oil GDP Share: 55% 2025 real GDP |Saudi Unemployment: 7.2% Q4 2025 |PIF AUM: $1.21T 2025 actual |FDI Share of GDP: 2.8% Q1 2026 |Female Participation: 33.9% Q1 2026 |Credit Rating: Aa3/A+/A+ Moody's/Fitch/S&P |GDP Growth: 4.5% 2025 actual |Umrah Pilgrims: 18M+ 2025 foreign |Non-Oil GDP Share: 55% 2025 real GDP |Saudi Unemployment: 7.2% Q4 2025 |PIF AUM: $1.21T 2025 actual |FDI Share of GDP: 2.8% Q1 2026 |Female Participation: 33.9% Q1 2026 |Credit Rating: Aa3/A+/A+ Moody's/Fitch/S&P |GDP Growth: 4.5% 2025 actual |Umrah Pilgrims: 18M+ 2025 foreign |

Oil

Aramco’s Q2 Free Cash Flow Covered 56% of Its Declared Base Dividend

Aramco generated $12.3bn of Q2 free cash flow and declared a $21.9bn dividend. Half-year coverage was 71%, but working capital explains much of the pressure.

Updated Sep 1, 2026

Saudi Industrial Production Rebounded 4.3% in June. It Was Still Down 16.3% From a Year Earlier

Saudi Arabia’s June industrial-production headline was almost entirely an oil comparison. The non-oil index was flat year on year, while manufacturing’s result depends on whether refining is included.

Updated Sep 1, 2026

Aramco Cut Its August Oil Price to Asia by $11 — the Biggest Cut Since 2003

Aramco set its August 2026 Arab Light OSP to Asia at $1.50 below the Oman/Dubai average, an $11 cut from July's $9.50 premium and the largest single-month move in Reuters records back to 2003. What an official selling price is, how Arab Light is benchmarked, and whether the cut signals a price war.

Updated Jul 31, 2026

Aramco Is Selling the Company to Pay the Dividend

Saudi Aramco has monetised $38.9bn of midstream infrastructure since 2021, with up to $46.5bn more reported in preparation. Set against $87.6bn of guided 2026 dividends, the whole programme is worth less than one year of the payout.

Updated Jul 31, 2026

Saudi Arabia Is Selling Less Oil for More Money. It Is Still Short.

Saudi oil revenue rose 22% year on year in the second quarter of 2026 while crude output fell to 6.70 million barrels a day and oil GDP contracted 24.7%. A quarter-by-quarter decomposition of price, volume and the official selling price differential — and why the offset stops working.

Updated Jul 31, 2026

Saudi Aramco Net Worth: Market Cap, Stock Value, And Owners

Saudi Aramco net worth explained: official 2026 market cap, ticker 2222, owners, dividends, IPO history, and foreign access.

Updated May 31, 2026

The War Economy: How Six Weeks of Conflict Restructured Saudi Arabia's Economic Model

Saudi exports halved to 3.33M bpd. The East-West Pipeline hit 7M bpd for the first time ever. Tourism loses $600M/day. Food prices spike 120%. The April 2026 war economy assessment.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

The Oil Paradox: How a Petro-State Bet Billions on Killing Its Own Revenue Source

Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund uses oil revenue to invest in electric vehicles, green hydrogen, and renewable energy — technologies designed to eliminate demand for oil. The structural irony at the heart of Vision 2030, examined in full.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

When the Drones Came Home: How the Iran War Exposed the Fragility of Vision 2030

The 2026 Iran crisis reveals Vision 2030's vulnerability: Ras Tanura within missile range, 90% oil dependency, and broken strategic assumptions.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Arabian Gulf

The body of water forming Saudi Arabia's eastern coastline, strategically vital as the conduit for the Kingdom's oil exports and industrial operations.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Dammam

The capital of Saudi Arabia's Eastern Province and the centre of the Kingdom's oil industry, located on the Arabian Gulf coast. Updated for 2026.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Eastern Province

Saudi Arabia's largest administrative region by area, home to the Kingdom's oil industry, major industrial cities, and significant economic diversification potential.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Saudi Aramco's Future Beyond Hydrocarbons

Saudi Aramco's strategic evolution — from the world's largest oil company to a diversified energy and chemicals conglomerate.

Updated Apr 18, 2026