All Articles
data
PIF’s 11% Non-Oil GDP Claim Is Plausible — but Not Reproducible From Its Published Headline
PIF says it contributed 11% of Saudi non-oil GDP in 2025. The cumulative series implies SAR376bn for the year, but the public disclosure does not provide the model needed to reproduce it.
data
Saudi Industrial Production Rebounded 4.3% in June. It Was Still Down 16.3% From a Year Earlier
Saudi Arabia’s June industrial-production headline was almost entirely an oil comparison. The non-oil index was flat year on year, while manufacturing’s result depends on whether refining is included.
programmatic
Saudi Arabia Economic Growth
In-depth examination of Saudi Arabia's economic growth trajectory, sectoral drivers, fiscal policy reforms, and how Vision 2030 is reshaping the Kingdom's GDP composition and expansion outlook.