How Saudi Arabia Moves Oil Without the Strait of Hormuz: The Petroline East-West Pipeline
The Petroline — Saudi Arabia's east-west crude pipeline — carries up to 7 million barrels a day from Abqaiq to Yanbu on the Red Sea. Built in 1981 as an Iran-war hedge, it is the Kingdom's only Hormuz bypass. This is what it can and cannot do, and why the arithmetic constrains policy.
Yanbu Is Now a Single Point of Failure for Saudi Oil Exports
Yanbu handled 92% of Saudi Arabia's seaborne crude exports in June 2026 after the Strait of Hormuz closed. On 25 July the terminal complex was attacked, and the Bab al-Mandeb route beyond it was already shut. This is what the Kingdom's export chain now looks like.
Saudi Arabia’s Hormuz Advantage: War Has Repriced the Kingdom’s Red Sea Logistics Strategy
Hormuz disruption has turned Saudi Arabia’s East-West pipeline and Red Sea ports into a live stress test for Vision 2030 logistics resilience.
The Riyadh Helsinki: Saudi Arabia’s Iran Non-Aggression Pact Is Vision 2030 Risk Insurance
Saudi Arabia’s proposed Middle East non-aggression pact with Iran is not idealistic diplomacy. It is a risk-insurance strategy for Vision 2030, Aramco exports, PIF financing, AI infrastructure, and Saudi giga-project delivery.
The War Economy: How Six Weeks of Conflict Restructured Saudi Arabia's Economic Model
Saudi exports halved to 3.33M bpd. The East-West Pipeline hit 7M bpd for the first time ever. Tourism loses $600M/day. Food prices spike 120%. The April 2026 war economy assessment.