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Non-Oil GDP Share: 55% 2025 real GDP |Saudi Unemployment: 7.2% Q4 2025 |PIF AUM: $1.21T 2025 actual |FDI Share of GDP: 2.8% Q1 2026 |Female Participation: 33.9% Q1 2026 |Credit Rating: Aa3/A+/A+ Moody's/Fitch/S&P |GDP Growth: 4.5% 2025 actual |Umrah Pilgrims: 18M+ 2025 foreign |Non-Oil GDP Share: 55% 2025 real GDP |Saudi Unemployment: 7.2% Q4 2025 |PIF AUM: $1.21T 2025 actual |FDI Share of GDP: 2.8% Q1 2026 |Female Participation: 33.9% Q1 2026 |Credit Rating: Aa3/A+/A+ Moody's/Fitch/S&P |GDP Growth: 4.5% 2025 actual |Umrah Pilgrims: 18M+ 2025 foreign |

Energy Policy

OPEC+ Raised August Output by 188,000 Barrels. Several Outlets Reported a Cut.

OPEC+ agreed a 188,000 bpd production increase for August 2026 at its 5 July virtual meeting, the fifth consecutive monthly rise. Several outlets reported it as a cut. This is the correction, the quota-versus-actual gap that makes the increase largely paper barrels, and how to reconcile the conflicting output series.

Updated Jul 31, 2026

Oil and Gas

Saudi Arabia's dominant sector, Aramco-led, production and diversification under Vision 2030.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

OPEC and Saudi Arabia's Strategic Role in Global Oil Markets

Comprehensive guide to OPEC, Saudi Arabia's leadership role, production quotas, the OPEC+ alliance, and the Kingdom's pricing power in global energy markets.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Saudi Arabia OPEC Quota

Analysis of Saudi Arabia's role within OPEC and OPEC+, covering production quotas, spare capacity management, market stabilisation strategy, and the fiscal and geopolitical dimensions of the Kingdom's oil production policy.

Updated Apr 18, 2026

Saudi-US Relations: Recalibrating the Strategic Partnership

Analysis of the Saudi-US strategic partnership — defence cooperation, energy tensions, OPEC dynamics, and the evolving security compact.

Updated Apr 18, 2026