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How Saudi Arabia Moves Oil Without the Strait of Hormuz: The Petroline East-West Pipeline
The Petroline — Saudi Arabia's east-west crude pipeline — carries up to 7 million barrels a day from Abqaiq to Yanbu on the Red Sea. Built in 1981 as an Iran-war hedge, it is the Kingdom's only Hormuz bypass. This is what it can and cannot do, and why the arithmetic constrains policy.
editorial
The War Dividend: Aramco’s $33.6 Billion Quarter and the Oil Dependency Vision 2030 Cannot Escape
Aramco’s Q1 2026 profit surge, East-West Pipeline rerouting, and Saudi fiscal deficit expose the central contradiction of Vision 2030: the post-oil transformation still runs on oil.
editorial
The War Economy: How Six Weeks of Conflict Restructured Saudi Arabia's Economic Model
Saudi exports halved to 3.33M bpd. The East-West Pipeline hit 7M bpd for the first time ever. Tourism loses $600M/day. Food prices spike 120%. The April 2026 war economy assessment.