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market
The Riyal Peg Just Had Its Hardest Year. It Held.
The riyal has traded at 3.75 to the dollar since June 1986. Through a regional war, two closures of the Strait of Hormuz and a 4.8% GDP contraction, one-year forwards on 30 July 2026 priced 80 points — a fraction of the 2016 stress. This is what the market, the reserves and the arithmetic actually say.
programmatic
SAMA (Saudi Central Bank)
The Saudi Central Bank (formerly the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority) — the Kingdom's central bank responsible for monetary policy, financial regulation, and currency management.
institutions
Saudi Central Bank (SAMA)
Profile of SAMA, Saudi Arabia's central bank responsible for monetary policy, banking supervision, insurance regulation, and fintech innovation.